IMP

Process View

Homo sapiens

3 genes annotated in human

isotype switching

The switching of activated B cells from IgM biosynthesis to biosynthesis of other isotypes of immunoglobulin, accomplished through a recombination process involving an intrachromosomal deletion involving switch regions that reside 5' of each constant region gene segment in the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus.

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Known genes in the process in human Include functional analogs

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Gene Predictions

Click on a gene's description to view its network relationships with genes known to be involved in "isotype switching"

Show only novel predictions Show only unknown genes Highlight genes with functional analogs involved in "isotype switching" (in gray)

Name	Description	Probability	Func Analog Organism
MSH6	mutS homolog 6 (E. coli)	0.960	Mouse
MRE11A	MRE11 meiotic recombination 11 homolog A (S. cerevisiae)	0.921
BRCA1	breast cancer 1, early onset	0.908
RAD50	RAD50 homolog (S. cerevisiae)	0.877
APLF	aprataxin and PNKP like factor	0.822
IL4R	interleukin 4 receptor	0.802
MDC1	mediator of DNA-damage checkpoint 1	0.729
MSH2	mutS homolog 2, colon cancer, nonpolyposis type 1 (E. coli)	0.652	Mouse
H2AFX	H2A histone family, member X	0.512
MSH3	mutS homolog 3 (E. coli)	0.503
PRKDC	protein kinase, DNA-activated, catalytic polypeptide	0.463
XRCC5	X-ray repair complementing defective repair in Chinese hamster cells 5 (double-strand-break rejoining)	0.364
BRIP1	BRCA1 interacting protein C-terminal helicase 1	0.293
MLH1	mutL homolog 1, colon cancer, nonpolyposis type 2 (E. coli)	0.269	Mouse
GRAP2	GRB2-related adaptor protein 2	0.250
FANCD2	Fanconi anemia, complementation group D2	0.208
NBN	nibrin	0.204	Mouse
IL2RG	interleukin 2 receptor, gamma	0.194
RBBP8	retinoblastoma binding protein 8	0.150
PMS2	PMS2 postmeiotic segregation increased 2 (S. cerevisiae)	0.141
PMS1	PMS1 postmeiotic segregation increased 1 (S. cerevisiae)	0.140
TGFBR2	transforming growth factor, beta receptor II (70/80kDa)	0.125
THOC5	THO complex 5	0.120
RFC1	replication factor C (activator 1) 1, 145kDa	0.111
TNFRSF13B	tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 13B	0.102
EXO1	exonuclease 1	0.101	Mouse
ZNF830	zinc finger protein 830	0.095
XRCC4	X-ray repair complementing defective repair in Chinese hamster cells 4	0.078	Mouse
DDX39B	DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box polypeptide 39B	0.076
ENG	endoglin	0.068
ATR	ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related	0.062
RAD1	RAD1 homolog (S. pombe)	0.057
HDAC9	histone deacetylase 9	0.056
BARD1	BRCA1 associated RING domain 1	0.053
PTPN6	protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 6	0.051
CD22	CD22 molecule	0.047
HNRNPA2B1	heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2/B1	0.043
SMC1A	structural maintenance of chromosomes 1A	0.038
NHEJ1	nonhomologous end-joining factor 1	0.037
INPP5D	inositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase, 145kDa	0.037
ITGAL	integrin, alpha L (antigen CD11A (p180), lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1; alpha polypeptide)	0.035
IKZF3	IKAROS family zinc finger 3 (Aiolos)	0.035
NCOR2	nuclear receptor corepressor 2	0.033
SUPT5H	suppressor of Ty 5 homolog (S. cerevisiae)	0.032
POLR2A	polymerase (RNA) II (DNA directed) polypeptide A, 220kDa	0.031
RUNX1	runt-related transcription factor 1	0.031
TGFBR1	transforming growth factor, beta receptor 1	0.030
SEMA4D	sema domain, immunoglobulin domain (Ig), transmembrane domain (TM) and short cytoplasmic domain, (semaphorin) 4D	0.030
LCP2	lymphocyte cytosolic protein 2 (SH2 domain containing leukocyte protein of 76kDa)	0.029
THOC4	THO complex 4	0.029
NASP	nuclear autoantigenic sperm protein (histone-binding)	0.028
PCDH9	protocadherin 9	0.027
RNF11	ring finger protein 11	0.026
FRA10AC1	fragile site, folic acid type, rare, fra(10)(q23.3) or fra(10)(q24.2) candidate 1	0.025
TP53BP1	tumor protein p53 binding protein 1	0.024
HSPH1	heat shock 105kDa/110kDa protein 1	0.023
PPAP2B	phosphatidic acid phosphatase type 2B	0.022
TMSB4X	thymosin beta 4, X-linked	0.021
THOC2	THO complex 2	0.021
PRKCQ	protein kinase C, theta	0.021
BAZ1B	bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain, 1B	0.020
STRN4	striatin, calmodulin binding protein 4	0.020
TOPBP1	topoisomerase (DNA) II binding protein 1	0.019
TTI1	Tel2 interacting protein 1 homolog (S. pombe)	0.019
DTL	denticleless homolog (Drosophila)	0.019
LAPTM5	lysosomal protein transmembrane 5	0.019
ANKRD13A	ankyrin repeat domain 13A	0.018
TNFRSF17	tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 17	0.018
LIG4	ligase IV, DNA, ATP-dependent	0.018	Mouse
POLD3	polymerase (DNA-directed), delta 3, accessory subunit	0.017
XRCC6	X-ray repair complementing defective repair in Chinese hamster cells 6	0.017
PTPN22	protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 22 (lymphoid)	0.017
DDIT3	DNA-damage-inducible transcript 3	0.017
RPP14	ribonuclease P/MRP 14kDa subunit	0.016
ASH2L	ash2 (absent, small, or homeotic)-like (Drosophila)	0.016
GBF1	golgi brefeldin A resistant guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	0.016
TGFB3	transforming growth factor, beta 3	0.016
RNF8	ring finger protein 8	0.016
CHD8	chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 8	0.015
HDAC7	histone deacetylase 7	0.015
THBS1	thrombospondin 1	0.015
SHC1	SHC (Src homology 2 domain containing) transforming protein 1	0.015
IRF4	interferon regulatory factor 4	0.015
FANCI	Fanconi anemia, complementation group I	0.015
SYK	spleen tyrosine kinase	0.015
ARAP1	ArfGAP with RhoGAP domain, ankyrin repeat and PH domain 1	0.015
KNTC1	kinetochore associated 1	0.014
SMARCAD1	SWI/SNF-related, matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily a, containing DEAD/H box 1	0.014
SIN3A	SIN3 homolog A, transcription regulator (yeast)	0.014
HDAC5	histone deacetylase 5	0.014
TRAF5	TNF receptor-associated factor 5	0.014
PPARA	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha	0.014
SH2D2A	SH2 domain containing 2A	0.013
DCLRE1A	DNA cross-link repair 1A	0.013
MS4A1	membrane-spanning 4-domains, subfamily A, member 1	0.013
SKI	v-ski sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (avian)	0.013
CHEK1	CHK1 checkpoint homolog (S. pombe)	0.013
CSNK2A1	casein kinase 2, alpha 1 polypeptide	0.013
MYC	v-myc myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog (avian)	0.013
XAB2	XPA binding protein 2	0.013
HNRNPA3	heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A3	0.013
POLA1	polymerase (DNA directed), alpha 1, catalytic subunit	0.013
NRP1	neuropilin 1	0.013
PCNA	proliferating cell nuclear antigen	0.012
IL10RA	interleukin 10 receptor, alpha	0.012
GAB1	GRB2-associated binding protein 1	0.012
NONO	non-POU domain containing, octamer-binding	0.012
MEF2C	myocyte enhancer factor 2C	0.012
CWC27	CWC27 spliceosome-associated protein homolog (S. cerevisiae)	0.012
ACACA	acetyl-CoA carboxylase alpha	0.012
ERBB2	v-erb-b2 erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 2, neuro/glioblastoma derived oncogene homolog (avian)	0.012
HUS1	HUS1 checkpoint homolog (S. pombe)	0.012
DNAJC9	DnaJ (Hsp40) homolog, subfamily C, member 9	0.012
E2F3	E2F transcription factor 3	0.012
SLC39A7	solute carrier family 39 (zinc transporter), member 7	0.011
ITGA5	integrin, alpha 5 (fibronectin receptor, alpha polypeptide)	0.011
GRB7	growth factor receptor-bound protein 7	0.011
RCN3	reticulocalbin 3, EF-hand calcium binding domain	0.011
ATRX	alpha thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome X-linked	0.011
RBBP4	retinoblastoma binding protein 4	0.011
BLM	Bloom syndrome, RecQ helicase-like	0.011
SH2D1A	SH2 domain containing 1A	0.011
CD2	CD2 molecule	0.011
LITAF	lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF factor	0.011
IK	IK cytokine, down-regulator of HLA II	0.011
CLSPN	claspin	0.011
ING2	inhibitor of growth family, member 2	0.010
MAX	MYC associated factor X	0.010
SUZ12	suppressor of zeste 12 homolog (Drosophila)	0.010
AR	androgen receptor	0.010
CTDP1	CTD (carboxy-terminal domain, RNA polymerase II, polypeptide A) phosphatase, subunit 1	0.010
CD7	CD7 molecule	0.010
ME2	malic enzyme 2, NAD(+)-dependent, mitochondrial	0.010
CITED2	Cbp/p300-interacting transactivator, with Glu/Asp-rich carboxy-terminal domain, 2	0.010